Title

Social vs. Self-Directed Events among Japanese and Americans

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-2005

Publication Title

Social Forces

Abstract

Cultural expectations provide meaning to human perceptions of who-does-what-towhom-where. However, the effects of actions directed at oneself have been much less systematically studied. This article replicates the American factorial design of Britt and Heise (1992) in a Japanese setting. The analysis demonstrates both cultural similarities and differences in psychological principles for attaching meanings to self-directed events. Cross-cultural differences in creating a sense of self-fulfillment or self-actualization are expressed through emotional labeling and trait attribution.

Original Citation

Herman W Smith and Linda E. Francis. (2005). Social vs. Self-Directed Events among Japanese and Americans. Social Forces, 84(2), 821-830.

Volume

84

Issue

2

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