Code,999019
Subject,Zeta Swaggard
Date,
Interviewer,
Abstract,"Zeta Swaggard was born in 1914 and migrated to Cleveland from southern Ohio during World War II. She quickly found work in a factory and found a place to live in a rooming house. Swaggard vividly describes riding the streetcars and notes their importance. She describes the atmosphere and the culture of Downtown Cleveland, including the shops, department stores, restaurants, and theatres. Swaggard notes the change in downtown as the department stores moved to the suburbs and they started to charge for parking. She mentions the large immigrant population, especially Jewish enclaves, as well as the migration of African Americans to Cleveland during the war. "
Tags,"World War II, downtown shopping, department stores, streetcars, suburbanization, Jews, Catholic education, restaurants, migration, African Americans "
minutes:,
0,
1,
2,"Introduction, states her name and address"
3,"date of birth 04/14/1914, came to Cleveland during the war to work at the tool factory"
4,"background: accounting, lived in a rooming house with her two sisters, describes her apartment"
5,"worked as a typist, then in purchasing department"
6,commuting by train or plane
7,
8,east Cleveland was a very good suburb
9,"her apartment in 105th - area was ""very Jewish, Orthodox Jewish. a lot of business"", a hub where one would go for fun lots - of bars, the Lindsey bar"
10,Frank Sinatra
11,her first arrival to Cleveland
12,"first ride on a streetcar , Euclid Heights Boulevard"
13,"at Christmas time downtown Cleveland was a wonderful place, Mills cafeteria"
14,"her husband worked at Higbee's, they would meet in downtown to went to eat to Mills, going downtown: you got dressed up, wore white gloves"
15,"Euclid avenue was the place to go, Hollenden on Short Vincent, Leo's on St. Claire"
16,"Streetcars, people that commuted every day knew each other, Lindner-Davis Christmas Tree, downtown stores: Halle's, Taylor's"
17,"The Arcade, Silver Grill restaurant"
18,Silver Grill was the place to go for lunch
19,Taylor's was the place to buy furniture
20,"her husband went to Higbee's (his work place) by train, everybody got dressed to go to church on Sunday"
21,moved to 108th street
22,"it was hard to find a car to buy, you had to put your name on the list"
23,"Euclid avenue during Christmas time, restaurants at Short Vincent"
24,88 cent toys
25,"looking for a house on the west side Parma, Berea"
26,bought a house in Parma
27,
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29,"people from the east side did not come west, downtown started losing its glamour"
30,her first car - a Plymouth
31,going to picnics on weekends
32,"Euclid avenue is no longer a good place to shopping, there's nothing down there"
33,"shopping at Higbee's, Halle's"
34,a day in downtown
35,"streetcars, fares, children did not pay"
36,riding street cars
37,watching movies in downtown
38,"""you planned in advance to go downtown, it was such a big deal"""
39,"reasons why downtown is in decline: big stores went out to the suburbs and you had to pay for parking, you did not have to dress up"
40,stores moving out to Severance
41,uniforms at Catholic schools one could buy at Halle's
42,describes a house in her Jewish neighborhood
43,
44,during the war everybody came to Cleveland to get a job
45,
46,"a lot of foreign-born people came ""When I first came to Cleveland there were no Blacks and the war brought them"""
47,grocery stores at Parmatown
48,It didn't cost anything to park
49,"""my parents were born in America"", Cleveland was made up of immigrants"
50,"""nobody spoke English"""
51,memories about Jewish neighborhood on Friday night
52,
53,
54,
55,"Milk delivered to the front door, fruit market"
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