Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-2000
Publication Title
Clinical Biomechanics
Abstract
Objective. To quantify the effects of medial foot orthoses on skeletal movements of the calcaneus and tibia during the stance phase in running.
Design. Kinematic effects of medial foot orthoses (anterior, posterior, no support) were tested using skeletal (and shoe) markers at the calcaneus and tibia.
Background. Previous studies using shoe and skin markers concluded that medially placed orthoses control/reduce foot eversion and tibial rotation. However, it is currently unknown if such orthoses also affect skeletal motion at the lower extremities.
Methods. Intracortical Hofman pins with reflective marker triads were inserted under standard local anesthetic into the calcaneus and tibia of five healthy male subjects. The three-dimensional tibiocalcaneal rotations were determined using a joint coordinate system approach. Eversion (skeletal and shoe) and tibial rotation were calculated to study the foot orthoses effects.
Results. Orthotic effects on eversion and tibial rotations were found to be small and unsystematic over all subjects. Differences between the subjects were significantly larger (pp<0.05).
Conclusions. This in vivo study showed that medially placed foot orthoses did not change tibiocalcaneal movement patterns substantially during the stance phase of running.
Relevance
Orthoses may have only small kinematic effects on the calcaneus and tibia (measured with bone pins) as well as on the shoes (measured with shoe markers) during running of normal subjects. Present results showed that orthotic effects were subject specific and unsystematic across conditions. It is speculated that orthotic effects during the stance phase of running may be mechanical as well as proprioceptive.
Recommended Citation
Stacoff, A., Reinschmidt, C., Nigg, B. M., 2000, "Effects of Foot Orthoses on Skeletal Motion during Running," Clinical Biomechanics, 15(1) pp. 54-64.
DOI
10.1016/S0268-0033(99)00028-5
Version
Postprint
Publisher's Statement
NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Clinical Biomechanics. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Clinical Biomechanics, 15, 1, (01-01-2000); 10.1016/S0268-0033(99)00028-5
Volume
15
Issue
1
Comments
This study was supported by the Swedish Defense Material Administration, the Swiss Federal Sports Commission (ESK), the Olympic Oval Endowment Fund of Calgary and ADIDAS America.