Date of Award

2010

Degree Type

Thesis

Department

Chemistry

First Advisor

Su, Bin

Subject Headings

Drug delivery systems, Membranes (Biology), Thermal analysis, Chemistry, Analytic, Calorimetry, Excipient, DSC, DEA, TGA, Polymorph, Atypical Antipsychotics, Bipolar disorder, Dielectric analysis, Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy

Abstract

This Master of Science thesis encompasses two projects in chemical pharmaceuticals. The first is a study of excipients and the added new information collected beyond Thermal Gravimetric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry from Dielectric Analysis. These new properties enhance our global knowledge of excipients by thermal analytical methods. Excipients, the inactive ingredients in formulated drugs, aid different functions of the active pharmacy ingredient, the drugs. Low temperature transitions, by DEA including melting of frozen solvents, e.g. water, are more definitive than observed by low temperature DSC. Millions of dollars are expended annually on pharmaceutical testing to qualify excipients for fully formulated drugs, medicines and active ingredients. To understand the action of the excipients in the human body at body temperature of 37°C, the study of their individual and interactive properties are desirable. DEA DSC and Thermal Gravimetric analysis (TGA) methods are employed to screen the most widely used drug excipients. In this study the following excipients were examined by DEA: cotton seed oil, mannitol, peanut oil, polyethylene glycol, sugar, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium starch glycolate, sodium stearate, canola oil, and anhydrous lactose, benzoic acid and vanillin. The comparison of DSC and DEA thermal curves for each excipient indicates that major endothermic events have occurred e.g., volatilization or melting of the excipient are viewed as fundamental DEA properties. These properties are the rise in permittivity and dielectric loss factor. The focus of this project was to learn to prepare, examine and interpret the resulting variations. The electrical conductivity (e" * frequency* constant), permittivity (e') and tan delta value (e"/e') are used to enhance the characterization of the excipient. The second, and major project for this thesis, is to evaluate bipolar disorder drug transport with and without an applied electric field of 10V mm-1. Drug delivery was tested with several a

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