Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-2016

Publication Title

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics

Abstract

Sialic acids, existing as terminal sugars of glycoconjugates, play important roles in various physiological and pathological processes, such as cell–cell adhesion, immune defense, tumor cell metastasis, and inflammation. Sialyltransferases (STs) catalyze the transfer of sialic acid residues to non-reducing oligosaccharide chains of proteins and lipids, using cytidine monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac) as the donor. Elevated sialyltransferase activity leads to overexpression of cell surface sialic acids and contributes to many disease developments, such as cancer and inflammation. Therefore, sialyltransferases are considered as potential drug targets for disease treatment. Inhibitors of sialyltransferases thus are of medicinal interest, especially for the cancer therapy. In addition, sialyltransferase inhibitors are useful tool to study sialyltransferase function and related mechanisms. This review highlights recent development of inhibitors of sialyltransferases reported since 2004. The inhibitors are summarized as eight groups: 1) sialic acid analogs, 2) CMP-sialic acid analogs, 3) cytidine analogs, 4) oligosaccharide derivatives, 5) aromatic compounds, 6) flavonoids, 7) lithocholic acid analogs, and 8) others. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Physiological Enzymology and Protein Functions.

Comments

This work was supported by the American Heart Association Grant-in Aid (14GRANT20290002) and Research fund from the Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease (GRHD) at Cleveland State University(GRHD08) supported by Ohio Department of Development (ODOD). L. Wang appreciates the China Oversea Scholar Award from China Scholarship Council.

DOI

10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.07.007

Version

Postprint

Volume

1864

Issue

1

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