Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-1-2019

Publication Title

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Abstract

Thrombomodulin (TM) is an endothelial cell membrane protein that plays essential roles in controlling vascular haemostatic balance. The 4, 5, 6 EGF-like domain of TM (TM456) has cofactor activity for thrombin binding and subsequently protein C activation. Therefore, recombinant TM456 is a promising anticoagulant candidate but has a very short half-life. Ligation of poly (ethylene glycol) to a bioactive protein (PEGylation) is a practical choice to improve stability, extend circulating life, and reduce immunogenicity of the protein. Site-specific PEGylation is preferred as it could avoid the loss of protein activity resulting from nonspecific modification. We report herein two site-specific PEGylation strategies, enzymatic ligation and copper-free click chemistry (CFCC), for rTM456 modification. Recombinant TM456 with a C-terminal LPETG tag (rTM456-LPETG) was expressed in Escherichia coli for its end-point modification with NH2-diglycine-PEG5000-OMe via Sortase A-mediated ligation (SML). Similarly, an azide functionality was easily introduced at the C-terminus of rTM456-LPETG via SML with NH2-diglycine-PEG3-azide, which facilitates a site-specific PEGylation of rTM456 via CFCC. Both PEGylated rTM456 conjugates retained protein C activation activity as that of rTM456. Also, they were more stable than rTM456 in Trypsin digestion assay. Further, both PEGylated rTM456 conjugates showed a concentration-dependent prolongation of thrombin clotting time (TCT) compared to non-modified protein, which confirms the effectiveness of these two site-specific PEGylation schemes.

Comments

This work was supported by grants from the NIH (1R15HL138544- 01, X.-L. Sun), National Science Foundation MRI Grant (CHE-1126384, X.-L. Sun) and Faculty Research Development Grant and the Research Fund from the Center for in Health and Disease (GRHD) at Cleveland State University. X. Liu appreciates the China Oversea Scholar Award from China Scholarship Council.

DOI

10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105066

Version

Postprint

Volume

139

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